Marine renewable energy (ocean energy)

Introduction

More energy required because of growth in population and 31

What’s needed:

●   renewable energy sources

●   methods that won’t create pollution

Wave energy

Advantage: waves provide a 32  source of renewable energy

Electricity can be generated using offshore or onshore systems

Onshore systems may use a reservoir

Problems:

●   waves can move in any 33

●   movement of sand, etc. on the 34  of the ocean may be affected

Tidal energy

Tides are more 35  than waves

Planned tidal lagoon in Wales:

●   will be created in a 36 at Swansea

●   breakwater (dam) containing 16 turbines

●   rising tide forces water through turbines, generating electricity

●   stored water is released through 37  driving the turbines in the reverse direction

Advantages:

●   not dependent on weather

●   no 38  is required to make it work

●   likely to create a number of 39

Problem:

●   may ham fish and birds, e.g. by affecting 40 and building up silt

Ocean thermal energy conversion

Uses a difference in temperature between the surface and lower levels

Water brought to the surface in a pipe